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He instructed them well, in how to behave, how to carry themselves. She spoke of her sense of humor. Elijah Muhammad was born Elijah Robert Poole in Sandersville, Georgia, on October 7, 1897. Mother Clara Muhammad: An example of Black womanhood - Final Call News "[36][37], Elijah's pro-separation views were compatible with those of some white supremacist organizations in the 1960s. [7], While he was in Detroit, Poole began taking part in various black nationalist movements within the city. What remained after she left, said Min. I thank all of you for being here, and I pray that Allah will bless all to return safely to your homes and remember, do unto others as you would have done unto yourselves, that when the end of our days comes, there will be no regretsweve done like Mother Tynnetta Muhammadthe best that we could, Min. After his release, he returned to leadership of the Nation of Islam. The presence that she brought was one of divinity and I just thank Allah for the opportunity to have been in her presence, he said., During her travels, Mother Tynnetta always searched for and sought to connect the history of the Original Black man throughout the planet. Many members were disturbed at the movement's new, moderate his words and actions Muhammad spent four years, from 1942 to 1946, in a [6][15][16], Following his return to Chicago, Elijah Muhammad was firmly in charge of the Nation of Islam. [5] Elijah later recounted that before the age of 20, he had witnessed the lynchings of three black men by white people. [1][2][3] Muhammad was also the teacher and mentor of Malcolm X, Louis Farrakhan, Muhammad Ali, and his own son, Warith Deen Mohammed. After Muhammad`s death, Wallace Muhammad`s followers took possession of Muhammad`s offices and records at his temple and home, and those records were either destroyed or lost. They had eight children: six boys and two girls, including Warith Deen Mohammed, who would later lead an offshoot organization of the Nation of Islam. 4. No. The movement was very controlled. Clara Muhammad is remembered as the First Lady of the Nation of Islam, but she was not only the wife of Nation of Islam (NOI) leader Elijah Muhammad. It is in those years as Assistant Supreme Captain that Elijah Junior was basically responsible in overseeing the training of the FOI throughout the Nation. Members of Muhammad Mosque No. A historian uncovered some of their stories. We know such ignorant, foolish teaching would bring him to his own end. Over the past 48 . In the 30s and definitely through the 40s into the mid-50s, Elijah, Jr., attended Muhammad University of Islam and many of its seminal stages as well as the trial periods while the Muslims were incarcerated, he attended classes in the living rooms of the Believers in Chicago, but as he grew up he began to take on certain roles in the Nation of Islam as a helper, said Carlos Muhammad. Muhammad moved a group of followers to Chicago, where he established Temple of Islam No. She was an important voice in the organization, a mentor to many NOI women and she helped establish NOI schools. Universality meaning its connectedness to all of the spiritual traditions on earth, and thats a big part of my scholarship, said author Dr. Wesley Muhammad. The 22 children of Elijah Muhammad, the late founder - UPI As a young man he was supportive of the leadership of his father and stood just as supportive of the leadership of his brother also.. The account totaled $3.3 million when. [17], Muhammad preached his own version of Islam to his followers in the Nation. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Susan B. Anthony, How the Greensboro Four Began the Sit-In Movement, Biography: You Need to Know: Bayard Rustin, Biography: You Need to Know: Sylvia Rivera, Biography: You Need to Know: Dorothy Pittman Hughes. A wave of change was being felt in the American landscape, as the Muslim communities started opening religious centers and several businesses that catered to the black and Muslim communities. Nearly a decade of litigation ended Thursday when 22 children of the late Elijah Muhammad were awarded more than $5 million by a Cook County Circuit Court judge who ruled that a South Side. Muhammad workforce in Cordele, GA with his 13 siblings. Yes sir! was the spirited reply.. Two of her sons, Ishmael R. Muhammad and Ahmad Muhammad, and her granddaughter, Jamilah Muhammad, spoke lovingly and passionately about her life during the service, drawing thunderous applause and moving several to tears. At the age of 9, he had to drop out of the school to start making money as a sharecropper just like his parents. The most important was led by Poole, who had become a top leader [4] To support the family, he worked with his parents as a sharecropper. The members were not allowed to drink or smoke, could not eat pork, and had to dress conservatively. working on a car assembly line. The appeals court sent the case back to Budzinski for the purpose of gathering more evidence on who actually owned the assets that went into Muhammad`s bank accounts. Spiritual & Religious Leaders, Founder/Co-Founder: Muslim Mosque, Inc., Nation of Islam, See the events in life of Elijah Muhammad in Chronological Order, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xaM-E18cx6c, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elijah_Muhammad_NYWTS-2.jpg, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSig15gEslQ, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVGdhCMNgHY, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NkF9ECWIENk, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy_rHP4Y2qE. to Fard and who had changed his name along the way to Elijah Muhammad. 2. Elijah Muhammad was portrayed by Al Freeman Jr. in Spike Lee's 1992 motion picture Malcolm X. Albert Hall, who played the composite character "Baines" in Malcolm X, later played Muhammad in Michael Mann's 2001 film, Ali. He took us out and gave us so many experiences as young Muslims. Muslims in which Allah is the one god and Muhammad is his prophet (one He said, "I seen enough of the white man's brutality to last me 26,000 years". She lives and her work will go on in the generations.. They had eight children: six boys and two girls, including Warith Deen Mohammed, who would later lead an offshoot organization of the Nation of Islam. By the fourth grade, he had stopped attending school and began working a variety of jobs in sawmills and brickyards. Fard proclaimed Islam the one New York Temple. When Muhammad died of congestive heart failure on February 25, 1975, he left behind a thriving religious movement with a membership as high as 250,000. February 28, 2023. He was one of 13 children of William and Mariah (Hall) Poole. Died: February 25, 1975 These, he said, were instances of other 'chickens coming home to roost'. The study aimed to explore barriers to full childhood vaccination in Siraro District, West Arsi Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted in Siraro District through 15 key informant health workers interviews and 6 in-depth interviews with children's mothers from April 20 to May 15, 2022. [41] George Lincoln Rockwell, founder of the American Nazi Party, once called Elijah "the Hitler of the black man. The Nation also owned over 15,000 acres of farmland, their own truck- and air- transport systems, as well as a publishing company that printed the country's largest black newspaper. Min Farrakhan and The Hon Elijah Muhammad's Wives & Family Speak In 1923, the Poole family was among hundreds of thousands of black families forming the First Great Migration leaving the oppressive and economically troubled South in search of safety and employment. Following extensive work by Elijah, their community in Detroit grew rapidly and Elijah was soon made their leader. Both, in his opinion, were bad. Poole became an early follower of W. D. Fard (c. 1877c. Elijah Muhammad was born on October 7, 1897, in Sandersville, Georgia, into a poor AfricanAmerican family of former slaves. Between 1917 and 1939, Elijah and Clara Muhammad had eight children: six boys and two girls, including Warith Deen Muhammad . I would not dare to do my scholarship the way I do as it relates to this teaching if I didnt see her do it, said Dr. Wesley Muhammad. He was a major promoter of independent, The group owned banks, restaurants, stores, and schools in about 46 cities of the country. It featured an unorthodox (nontraditional) form of ''The people gave and gave until it hurt,'' he said. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Ultimately the court ruled against them.[47][48][49]. children: Akbar Muhammad, Elijah Muhammad, Emmanuel Muhammad, Ethel Muhammad, Ishmael Muhammad, Jabir Herbert Muhammad, Jr., Lottie Muhammad, Madia Muhammad, Nathaniel Muhammad, Warith Deen Mohammed African American Men Spiritual & Religious Leaders Height: 6'0" (183 cm ), 6'0" Males Died on: February 25, 1975 place of death: Chicago The break between Malcolm and the NOI was caused by several factors, including Malcolm discovering Elijah's adultery with several women (X, 2015, 301) and Malcolm's speech Mother Tynnetta was a principal supporter and helper of Min. Defending the Indefensible, in Feathers and All | OZY Of Elijah Muhammad's 21 children, he is the eldest son of his mother Tynnetta Muhammad. During the years Elijah was in prison, Clara took over as an interim leader who carried Elijahs orders from prison to Nation ministers, Sapelo reported. groups. "homeland" across the seas. Her scholarship, spirit and her way, the ability she had to find the teachings and to find the fingerprints of the Saviour and to really find the imprint of the message of the Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad wherever we found the Original people, wherever we found our family on the planet, she found proof of Gods intervention of our affairs in the person of Master Fard Muhammad which sent me in the direction to do the same thing.. Fard turned over leadership of the growing Detroit group to Elijah Muhammad, and the Allah Temple of Islam changed its name to the Nation of Islam. The editor at the time Askia Muhammad remembers him. It is a terrible thing for such people to charge me with teaching race hatred when their feet are on my people's neck and they tell us to our face that they hate black people." Fard Muhammad. Warith Muhammad relaxed encouraged members to vote and to salute the flag, and even opened the I havent seen anyone do it like her so the impact is profound. Five days after Malcolm X was murdered, in a public speech at the Nation of Islam's annual Saviours' Day on February 26, Elijah justified the assassination by quoting that "Malcolm got just what he preached", but at the same time denied any involvement with the murder by asserting in the same speech: "We didn't want to kill Malcolm and didn't try to kill him. She was always very humorous and kept you laughing. 2023 The Moguldom Nation. thirteen children, his schooling only lasted until he was nine; then Some of our earliest family pictures show him holding me inside the facility. The money helped Elijah to acquire opulent homes for himself and his family and establish overseas bank accounts. [32], The extramarital affairs, the suspension, and other factors caused a rift between the two men, with MalcolmX leaving the Nation of Islam in March 1964 to form his own religious organization, Muslim Mosque Inc.[33] After dealing with death threats and attempts on his life for a year,[34] MalcolmX was assassinated on February21, 1965. war fought between the AxisGermany, Japan, and Italyand Farrakhan. But, you cannot put her works in the grave he explained. Elijah, Jr. was the last surviving child of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad and Mother Clara Muhammad. Other Chicago residential properties occupied by some of Muhammad`s children were previously awarded to them by Budzinski, and 11 South Side businesses once operated by the Nation of Islam have since been disposed of by the Muslims. Farrakhan said. and restaurantsall owned by the movement. Children Yasmine, 14, Nora, 12, Myriam, 10, Mina, seven and Mehdi, three, were killed in the attack. Elijah Muhammad was born Elijah Robert Poole in Sandersville, Georgia, the seventh of thirteen children of William Poole Sr. (18681942), a Baptist lay preacher and sharecropper, and Mariah Hall (18731958), a homemaker and sharecropper. Its social and political influence was matched by the success of its financial enterprises: real estate holdings, a national newspaper called Muhammad Speaks and numerous independent businesses. Found guilty, Elijah Muhammad served four years, from 1942 to 1946, at the Federal Correctional Institution in Milan, Michigan. He spent his entire adult life building the Black Muslim community. A charismatic speaker, Muhammad was unyielding in his criticism of white oppression. Farrakhan said during his remarks. Neither category of assets was involved in Thursday`s decision. The three men agree that Muhammad's behavior will be defended by likening it to that of . In 1942 Muhammad was one of a group of militant African American leaders "On the Witness Stand: The Exclusive w/ Mother Evelyn Muhammad #Farrakhan" https://buff.ly/2FxhtcFFollow Knowledge for LIFE atWebsite: http://know4life.orgS. However, through the conversion of his fellow inmates as well as renewed efforts outside prison, he was able to redouble his efforts and continue growing the Nation. Farrakhan regained many of the Nation of Islam's original properties including the National Headquarters Mosque #2 (Mosque Maryam) and Muhammad University of Islam in Chicago. Thursday`s ruling brought an end to much of the litigation started seven years ago, when three of Muhammad`s illegitimate children filed suit to recover their father`s personal assets from the organization. Temple of Islam. Muhammad was born on October 7, 1897 in Sandersville, Georgia. He was an extremist and banned the members of the NOI from indulging in any behavior that went against the teachings of Prophet Muhammad. His parents were former slaves who worked as Unwed Mothers and Maternity Home History - Gwen Tuinman 'WE ARE AT WAR!' Minister Farrakhan addresses the Nation of Islam's Thats what they call the remains. ''He was the only one they felt they could trust to build a nation, a religious and social organization.''. He was admired and loved by multitudes. Fard After the disappearance, Elijah Muhammad told followers that Allah had come as Wallace Fard, in the flesh, to share his teachings that are a salvation for his followers. [21], During his time as leader of the Nation of Islam, Muhammad had developed the Nation of Islam from a small movement in Detroit to an empire consisting of banks, schools, restaurants, and stores across 46 cities in America. During this investigation, Malcolm X learned 7 of those 8 girls had become pregnant as a result of this. The University of Islam (UI) was subsequently promoted, and several followers enrolled their children into the UI, ignoring the public school systems. He was also charged with manipulation of his followers, as he turned them against joining American forces. Small groups of like-minded individuals occasionally withdrew from Unwed mother's were labelled by their communities as 'ruined' and they carried the burden of having shamed their families. Hurling truth at Falsehood Nation of Islam responds to lies of Atty. "It's better that I bear the grief and the mark instead of the child.". He then quickly rose to second officer, said Carlos Muhammad. [25], Rumors were circulating among Nation of Islam members that Elijah was conducting extramarital affairs with young Nation secretarieswhich would constitute a serious violation of Nation teachings. Elijah Muhammad was born Elijah (or Robert) Poole on October 7, 1897, near Sandersville, Georgia. The second trial ordered by the appeals court, which began this spring, lasted more than three weeks and included 13 witnesses, 22 exhibits and all the evidence admitted in the first trial. Upon his death, his son Warith Deen Mohammed succeeded him. who speaks through messages from a divine source). Judge Henry Budzinski ruled that $3.3 million in assets and $2.4 million in interest accrued since Muhammad`s death Feb. 25, 1975, must be turned over to his estate by Dai-Ichi Kangyo Bank, formerly First Pacific Bank of Chicago. Rest easy, Dad. One of them was Malcolm X, one of the most notorious men of the 20th century. They have since been sold by the estate. Welcome to MOPS - MOPS After Muhammad's death, the Pacific Bank closed his account and transferred the funds into a new account of one of his sons, Wallace Muhammad. Family came first with him and he always reminded us about that. During that time, his wife, Clara, and trusted aides ran the organization; Muhammad transmitted his messages and directives to followers in letters. Jabbar donated a house for use as the Hanafi Madh-Hab Center. He and the Believers in London hosted Mother Tynnetta twice in the UK. He was the Assistant Supreme Captain of the Fruit of Islam, the men of the Nation of Islam, during the time of his father, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad. came along because it weaned them from Christianity to a fabricated form of Islam. generally retained Elijah Muhammad's ideas and practices. My parents had five children. The Nation of Islam is a religious and political movement that started in the early 1930s by W.D. Still facing death threats, Elijah left his family there and traveled to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he founded Temple No. Elijah, born Elijah Robert Poole, belonged to a devoted Christian family. At its peak, it sold one million copies a week. His father was a sharecropper and his. Spouse/Ex-: Tynnetta Muhammad (m. ?1975), Clara Muhammad (m. 19171972), children: Akbar Muhammad, Elijah Muhammad, Emmanuel Muhammad, Ethel Muhammad, Ishmael Muhammad, Jabir Herbert Muhammad, Jr., Lottie Muhammad, Madia Muhammad, Nathaniel Muhammad, Warith Deen Mohammed, African American Men For the next two decades, Elijahs influence weakened, and he lost his hold on the NOI. Several of his competitors proved themselves to be a lot more educated, talented, and ferocious. She could be serious but most of the times she was just like a little girl. Wallace Muhammad later changed his name as part of his own transition to Sunni Islam (or "orthodox Islam") and is now known as Imam Warith Deen Mohammed. The same year, the NOI started its very own newspaper named Final Call to Islam and preached about their visions to grow more followers. Mothers spirit has lifted us all a notch higher, can you feel it? We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't look right,contact us! "[42] At the 1962 Saviours' Day celebration in Chicago, Rockwell addressed Nation of Islam members. 3, and eventually to Washington, D.C., where he founded Temple No. [citation needed] Muhammad was arrested there, charged with eight counts of sedition for instructing his followers to not register for the draft or serve in the armed forces. They asked my parents if they could raise me. He died Aug. 2 and was buried Aug. 6 in New Medina, Miss., a community developed by Muslims in 1987. "[28] The remarks prompted a widespread public outcry. Two daughters and six sons including notable: In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed Elijah Muhammad on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.[50]. Children of Muhammad - Wikipedia required), and personal. He was kind of covetous of his access to the Honorable Elijah Muhammad, added Askia Muhammad, who was then known as Charles 67X. The best father and paw-paw a child could have. [29] MalcolmX retained his post and rank as minister, but was prohibited from public speaking for 90 days. Talking about his teenage experiences in Georgia, Elijah stated that he had witnessed enough brutality on the blacks to last him a thousand years. The children of Muhammad include the three sons and four daughters of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His father was a sharecropper and his mother was a domestic worker. The voices of those gathered on that crisp, cold day rang out through the burial grounds. travel and work at odd jobs. The records showed that Muhammad`s staff acknowledged them as contributions to his personal fund. [35] Many people suspected that the Nation of Islam was responsible for the killing of Malcolm X. One of Clara Muhammads important contributions was the MGT, short for Muslim Girls Training and General Civilization Class, and the GCC (General Civilization Class), Face 2 Face reported. that had been done to his ancestors. Warith disbanded the Nation of Islam in 1976 and founded an orthodox mainstream Islamic organization, that came to be known as the American Society of Muslims. One particular Table Talk that stood out for her was, Queen of Civilization. In this talk, the Honorable Muhammad talked about how he wanted to make a woman that would go around the world with a committee of women and make friends for the Black man and woman and represent the civilization of the Nation of Islam. Muhammad Ali, born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr, rose from a poor family in segregated Louisville, Kentucky to international fame, winning three heavyweight boxing titles and . During the days of slavery, his father, William Poole Sr., worked in the cotton farms as a sharecropper. It resulted in the First Great Migration, as many black families left the South to look for more opportunities elsewhere. Chronology of the Nation of Islam, Toure Muhammad. Is Israel baiting the U.S. into war with Iran? In an earlier trial on the issue that ended in 1982, Budzinski ruled in favor of the children, a decision reversed on appeal in 1984. Elijah was put on probation, but the university remained open. The organization would dissolve, change names and reorganize many times. Islam, but the movement also emphasized African American self-help and That period, Muhammad died on February 25, 1975, after a period of declining health. The account totaled $3.3 million when Muhammad died in 1975 and has accrued more than $2 million in interest. The Honorable Elijah Muhammad said it is "the greatest military weapon ever developed in the annals of the history of Allah (God) and man in this Universe." He said that the Vision of this. NYC Will Name Harlem Block After Anti-Semitic Nation of Islam Leader The hardships continued through the 1920s and the 1930s. No more trials, suffering, convincing, influencing. direction. [5] Much of Elijah Muhammad's teachings appealed to young, economically disadvantaged, African-American males from Christian backgrounds. Evanzz, Karl. He was unique in his embrace of both black nationalism and pan-Africanism, with traditional Islamic themes. who were victims of white discrimination (an unjust treatment or Elijah Muhammad - Wikipedia Thank you for being the beautiful brothers and sisters that you are on such an occasion as this. She is inspired to study the broad, universal spectrum of music, like Mother Tynnetta. Other teachings, such as self-reliance, clean living and the promise of a future in which Black people would no longer be oppressed, had obvious appeal for Muhammad and other Black Muslims. They are all of what God intended them to be. The movement's rise was boosted by Malcolm X, who began communicating with Muhammad while incarcerated and became his most prominent apostle in the 1950s. There he began to spread the word of the NOI, slowly but steadily attracting new members. Slavery had just been abolished, but it was still tough for the former slaves to make a decent living. Here at MOPS, we gather and support moms. [44] In total, it is estimated that he had 23 children of which 21 are documented. Mother Tynnetta was a gift from Allah (God), our mother he continued. Academically, she was my inspiration. He worked in an auto factory in Detroit, until he met Wallace D. Fard. Grooming was made a necessity. He said the donors wanted Muhammad to enlarge the nation and also to ensure that he and his family never wanted for material comfort. Elijah left home at the age of 16 and worked several jobs to look after himself. Poole, having strong consciousness of both race and class issues as a result of his struggles in the South, quickly fell in step with Fard's ideology. Nineteen children of Elijah Muhammad, the late Black Muslim leader, have squared off against the world's largest bank in a legal dispute with a $5.7 million bank account at stake. Some of Fards doctrines, such as a cosmology that identified blacks as the original race and white people as devils created later by a mad scientist named Yakub, are still difficult to interpret. The Nations school system was instituted by Fard Muhammad, who called it theThe University of Islam. But the first classes were held in Clara Muhammads home, and she was the first teacher of the school system. My uncle did so many things for me and my siblings. My dad was everything. Muhammad, who died of natural causes, did not leave a will. toward a more traditional form of Islam. It was a very critical time in the development of what would become the Nation of Islam, said historian and archivist Carlos Muhammad. arrested on charges of violation of the draft laws. Over the next 30 years, Muhammad built the religion from a small fringe group into a large and complex organization that attracted controversy along with its new prominence. Lhermitte, previously described as a 'perfect mother' divorced her husband after the deaths of . Interest collected since that ruling increased the total to $5.7 million. On July 4, 1964, news broke of the lawsuit, which aimed to have Muhammad listed as the children's biological father, compelling him to pay child support. Elijah Muhammad was born Elijah (or Robert) Poole on October 7, 1897, Elijah Muhammad taught that Master Fard Muhammad is the 'Son of Man' of the Bible, and after Fard's disappearance in 1934, Muhammad assumed control over Fard's former ministry, formally changing its name to the "Nation of Islam". However, I was successful when I went door to door asking for work., Black Americans Have the Highest Mortality Rates But Lowest Levels of Life Insurance He was there to maintain ties and relationships with the Muslim community and with the Muhammads. He said Muslim organizations or Muhammad`s relatives apparently spent the rest before the probate litigation began in 1979. He was a lawman, he was beloved by the brothers, to the lieutenants, to the people who served under him because he was a friendly person. "Elijah Muhammad Dead; Black Muslim Leader, 77". He was let down by many, but he spent his life lifting others. He lived about 90 minutes outside of New Medina near his daughter Yasmeen, and his grandchildren. As a scholar of Islam, Mother Tynnetta made her mark on the hearts and minds of others, encouraging them to delve deeper into the study of the Holy Quran. ''The evidence overwhelmingly shows that the donations to the fund were intended as personal gifts to Elijah Muhammad from his followers,'' Budzinski said. He married Clara Evans in 1917. An Original Man: The Life and Times of Elijah Muhammad. In 1980, Imam Warith Deen Mohammed renamed the University of Islam after his mother. One of He taught me so much. He preached that the Nation of Islam's goal was to return the stolen hegemony of the inferior whites back to blacks across America. Rufus Cook, attorney for the estate in the suit against the bank, said the only heirs are Muhammad`s 7 legitimate children and 15 illegitimate children. He added that "chickens coming home to roost never did make me sad; they've always made me glad. An appeal would have to be filed within 30 days. "[28] The New York Times wrote, "in further criticism of Mr. Kennedy, the Muslim leader cited the murders of Patrice Lumumba, Congo leader, of Medgar Evers, civil rights leader, and of the Negro girls bombed earlier this year in a Birmingham, Alabama, church. Elijah Muhammad (born Elijah Robert Poole; October 7, 1897 - February 25, 1975) was an African-American religious leader, who led the Nation of Islam from 1934 until his death in 1975. It really inspired me to study more on music, said vocalist Chandra Hakim. The American economy was hit hard after the First World War. She wrote about this in a 1967 Muhammad Speaks article. He was survived by many children, including his two daughters and six sons by his wife, most notably future leader Warith Deen Muhammad. 1 turned out and braved the cold weather standing at Westlawn Cemetery as the Fruit of Islam Honor Guard in full uniform, stepped forward to carry Mother Tynetta Muhammads remains to their final resting place.