[20], Commanders have included:[21]General Officer Commanding United Kingdom Support Command (Germany), General Officer Commanding British Forces Germany, Last edited on 10 December 2022, at 22:46, 2010 Strategic Defence and Security Review, "UK to maintain military presence in Germany", "So, it is time to say Aufwiedersehen. [78] The 21st Army Group headquarters also allocated three additional general transport companies to the British Second Army. There have been two formations named British Army of the Rhine (BAOR). [82][84], It was recognised in the planning of Operation Plunder that the maintenance of the floating bridges over the Rhine would require more engineers than could be spared from the campaign ahead. Road transport accounted for another 29,865 personnel and 23,360 trucks. A train caught alight, and the fire spread to three nearby storage tanks. [87][88] A 300-metre (980ft) Class 9 FBE bridge was built over the Elbe at Lauenburg by the VIII Corps engineers on 29 April. Another three-platoon company arrived from Italy with the Operation Goldflake units. The second British Army of the Rhine was formed on 25 August 1945 from the British Liberation Army. Likewise, French 2008 and Strachan 2000 have produced histories of the cultural attitudes of the British Army and how the institution relates to wider society. It would also free transport to support a rapid advance. British Army of the Rhine (post First World War) B.A.F.S.V. Three bridges were constructed there, but by the time they opened II Canadian Corps already had its three Canadian divisions across the Rhine. [73] In XXX Corps, all DUKWs were retained under corps control. You can order records in advance to be ready for. Preparations were made to move it to a new site, but this was not required. [44] For security reasons, troop movements had to be conducted at night. [4], The remaining presence in Germany is known as British Army Germany. The attacks resulted in the deaths of nine people, including three civilians, and many wounded. [9] This required major operations, and the port was not opened for shipping until 26 November. REME Technical Services BAOR (British Army of the Rhine) 5 Infantry Workshop, Nijmegan Marchers 5 Infantry Workshop, Nijmegan Marchers Their construction would require 3,000 wooden piles 30 centimetres (12in) in diameter and 18 to 23 metres (60 to 75ft) in length. An initial stockpile of 91,000 litres (20,000impgal) was supplied to the unit, followed by daily deliveries of 14,000 litres (3,000impgal) per day. The 21st Army Group asked for four base supply depots (BSDs), six field bakeries, three field butcheries, a cold storage depot and two detail issue depots (DIDs). Despite the weather, all movements were completed as planned by 8 February. In February, a French fuel installation was opened at Douai, and this was used to supply the Royal Air Force (RAF) airfields in the vicinity. 2019 Ted Fund Donors Contains informative chapters on the precarious position of BAOR during the austerity years of 19461953 and of the contribution made by BAOR to conventional deterrence throughout the Cold War. [62], Once the link-up with the ground forces was effected, the 6th Airborne Division drew its supplies from XII Corps, while the US 17th Airborne Division drew its from the US Ninth Army. Positioned on the North German Plain, it is the command element of NATO's Northern Army Group (NORTHAG). 19191929. BMH Munster was one of several BAOR (British Army On The Rhine) army hospitals in Germany. Not only are the well-equipped forward elements presented, but the light security elements that form BAOR's vital reinforcements are included as well. While it was under construction, the engineers came under attack by the Luftwaffe, and 8 men were killed and 22 wounded. Until the railway bridges could be brought into operation, maintenance depended entirely on road transport. For this the British Second Army deployed 1,520 field and medium guns, and the US Ninth Army had 624 field and medium guns. All this week on Forces TV we are focusing on 'Rebasing' from Germany, as the countdown to drawdown steps up a gear. The Mediterranean theatre was only able to provide two field bakeries. Chieftain: The British Army of the Rhine, provides a complete array of British equipment and maneuver units, from Chieftain and Challenger tanks through MCV-80 and Saxon APCs. [63] Their initial drop of the 6th Airborne Division was conducted by 683 aircraft and 444 General Aircraft Hamilcar and Airspeed Horsa gliders, while that of the US 17th Airborne Division used 913 aircraft and 906 Hadrian gliders. This badge was adopted in 1940. [50], Because it was not anticipated that the advance would be rapid, it was not considered necessary to hold large stocks of petrol, oil and lubricants (POL) in the FMCs, but to ensure that vehicles moving to the assembly areas arrived with full tanks of fuel, a train loaded with petrol was sent to Nijmegen to allow them to be topped off. A thematic study on how the British Army imagined the use of tactical nuclear weapons in land combat. A double issue of Expeditionary Force Institutes stores was made to all participating units. A smoke screen concealed preparations on the west bank of the Rhine. The second class 40 Bailey pontoon bridge, "Sparrow", was built by the 4th GHQ Troops Engineers on 27 March. [63][72] The seaborne tail of the 6th Airborne Division established a DUKW replenishment area west of the Rhine from whence supplies were moved until it could cross the river. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Oxford Bibliographies Online is available by subscription and perpetual access to institutions. History of the british army of the rhine 06 09 14. Although our understanding of the service has been considerably deepened by subsequent scholarship, the book provides the broader context for thinking about the army after 1945. After successfully carrying the Eureka torch at the show in November 2021, some of our Eureka and AB family will finally be able to join us for the first time since the pandemic struck in 2020. [18], The British Army Germany rugby union team regularly played games against emerging rugby nations like Belgium, Denmark, Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg. ORIGINAL 1943 RAF WILHELMSHAVEN GERMANY MAP WAR BRITISH ARMY MILITARY WWII WW2. This was never satisfactorily implemented, and confusion and duplication was created by the same requests for additional ammunition being made through multiple channels. [18], Eisenhower ordered Montgomery to resume his preparations for Operation Veritable, the objective of which was to defeat the German forces west of the Rhine. [63] The final troop movements for Operation Plunder involved 662 tanks, over 4,000 tank transporters and 32,000 other vehicles. XXX Corps reverted to the control of the British Second Army on 8 March, and by 10 March the last German units had retreated across the Rhine. British Army of the Rhine There have been two formations named British Army of the Rhine ( BAOR ). Lorries then took them to the dispersal point at Renaix via Lyon and Dijon, guided by road markers that read "GF". An emergency repair effort was conducted, and many were shipped direct from the workshops to the front lines. This involved prodigious use of ammunition, fuel and equipment, which in turn demanded a first-class military logistics system. Although the book is concerned primarily with the British armys experiences prosecuting counterinsurgency campaigns after 1945, it proves a helpful reference guide to the composition of the British army and its overseas deployments between 1945 and 1970. [89][88] The high use of road transport meant that the Second Army was burning 7,600 tonnes (7,500 long tons) of petrol a day, but the supply of fuel caused no problems. [45] No. There have been two formations named British Army of the Rhine (BAOR). The affectionate story of British servicemen and their families who had to make Germany a home from home in the decades after the Second World War. [94] New lines continued to be laid, the last one being laid to Bocholt on 24 May. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Another petrol depot arrived from Italy in April. Over the next six days it was used by 29,139 vehicles. 14 Army Roadhead in the Sulingen area from No. Mainstream histories of the British army have focused overwhelmingly on the myriad counterinsurgency operations in which it became involved after 1945 at the expense of the vital role played by the British Army of the Rhine in the nations deterrent posture. Similar Royal Air Force Germany, Royal Electrical and Mech, British Army, Royal Military Police, Army Air Corps. [71] The supplies dropped represented a day's supply of food, fuel and petrol for the two divisions. The object sank after being cut loose during an attempt to recover it, and the swimmer was captured. 10 Army Roadhead. The Dumbo pipeline was extended from Boulogne to Antwerp in March. this page. Includes a chapter on the activation of BAOR and its composition throughout the Cold War against the background of government defense reviews. The 18th Line of Communications Sub Area was formed on 25 April and assigned to the First Canadian Army; the 19th joined the 15th; and the 20th relieved the 4th around Brussels, allowing it to take over the region to the north east of Nijmegen. [9], Under the 2010 Strategic Defence and Security Review, it was decided that British military units would cease to be permanent deployed in Germany by the end of 2019. GYM. Over the next 24 hours, 7,415 vehicles crossed the bridge. This freed the 9th Line of Communications Sub Area to participate in Operation Goldflake. Whereas military considerations involved "questions of strategy, bases and force levels," the political response focused on the creation of defensive alliances. It was the largest concentration of British armed forces permanently stationed outside the United Kingdom. Army Bases [72][97], As the German forces crumbled before the Allied onslaught, the numbers of German prisoners of war grew to the point where orders were issued on 1 May that no more prisoners should be sent west of the Rhine. During the two-hour rail halt, the troops were served a hot meal and provided with sandwiches for the next one. Moody 2020 provides the first comprehensive study of how the army intellectualized the arrival of nuclear weapons and how they might be employed in a future war. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. After an advance which was thoroughly resisted, the British formations, along with the Canadians and Americans advanced into the German counties of Nordrhein-Westfalen, Niedersachsen and Schleswig-Holstein . A large force of engineer units was assembled for the operation: 37,000 British and Canadian engineers and pioneers, and 22,000 American engineers. Following the 2010 Strategic Defence and Security Review, the permanent deployment in Germany ended in 2020. The other units could not be found, and the 21st Army Group was informed that it would have to make do without them. For this the British Second Army deployed 1,520 field and medium guns, and the US Ninth Army . + $18.23 shipping. They had had better relations with the British than with the French, and they would have brought a measure of stability and prosperity in the difficult economic conditions of 1920s Germany. [5], As the potential threat of Soviet invasion across the North German Plain into West Germany increased, BAOR became more responsible for the defence of West Germany than its occupation. Use the search function to locate the Order of battle by title or file name. BMH Iserlohn was housed in Argonne Barracks which was a German Calvary and Armoured Regiment building from the 1930s. Depots and stocks remaining in the RMA were transferred to the control of the War Office. This merely delayed work on the bridge, which was opened to traffic at 20:15. as (hopefully) more information is found or supplied. [92] There was an additional allocation of 5,100 tonnes (5,000 long tons) of road transport for the drive to the Baltic Sea on 26 April, and another 2,700 tonnes (2,700 long tons) was received by the end of the month. This gave them sufficient petrol to advance for 200 and 180 miles (320 and 290km) respectively, although no such rapid advance was contemplated, the supplies being to sustain the divisions in operations when the road network became congested with operational traffic. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Not only are the well-equipped forward elements presented, but the light security elements that form BAOR's vital reinforcements are included as well. It closed in 1991 when the refurbished BMH Iserlohn re-opened. [45], Stocks of ammunition were built up at No. The armoured divisions also carried a day's worth of AFV ration packs. 166 Field Maintenance Centre (FMC) at Veghel and the two Canadian FMCs at Wijchen and Oss. Both formations had areas of responsibility located around the German section of the River Rhine. Consequently, the daily pack trains that carried supplies were normally run straight through from the advanced base to the corps railheads, which were normally stocked on a commodity basis, and the roadheads supporting the First Canadian Army carried much less stock than its British Second Army counterparts.
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